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No. 751,002. PATENTED FEB. 2, 1904. H. E. PENNEY.'

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLIGATION FILED SEPT. 3, 1903. 7

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H. B. PENNEY.

1 STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 3, 1903.

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No. 751,002. v PATENTED EEB. 2, .1904.

H. PENNEY. STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 3, 1903.

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UNITED STATES Patented February 2, 1904.

PATENT FFICE.

HERBERT E. PENNEY, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO IV. S. NOTT COMPANY, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, A CORPORATION.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SfP'E.(I}IIEICACI IOI,\ forming part of Letters Patent No. 751,002, dated. February 2, 1904.

Application filed September 3, 1903. Serial No. 171,725. (No model.)

To all whom, it 77mg concern: 7

Be it known that I, HERBERT E. PENNEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Minneapolis, county of Hennepin, and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Generators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to steam generators or boilers used in connection with fire-engines; I0 and its object is mainly to produce a quicksteam-generating and desirable boiler for such use.

Stated in a general way, my improved generator comprises concentric shells providing intermediate water and steam spaces, a central vertical drum closed at both ends and con.- nected at its lower end to the water-leg and at .its upper end to the annular steam-space, and a series of coiled water-tubes in the space intermediate the inner shell and central drum and ,connectedto headers which communicate, respectively, with the lower and upper portions of the cylinder.

My improvements are illustratedin the ac- 5 companying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows a vertical section of the shells and a side elevation of the interior drum and coils. Fig. 2 shows a top view of the same. Fig. 3 shows in vertical section the upper portion of the shells and the central drum, and Fig. 4 shows a detail side elevation of one of the tube-sections comprising a pair of headers and a series of connecting-coils.

In the drawings, 1 designates the outer and 3 5 2 the inner shell, providing an intermediate annular space, the lower portion 3 of which .serves as the water-leg and the upper portion 4 of which serves as the steam-space. This annular space is closed at the bottom by a 4 ring 5 and at the top by an inclined circular plate 6, secured to the shells. The fire box 7 should be provided with the usual grate and with a door in the opening 8 in the shells. The boiler should be covered with a hood and smoke-stack (not shown) in the usual manner.

In the center of the boiler is a vertical cylindrical drum 9, supported mainly by a bridge-tree 10, that is bolted to the top of the shell 1. The ends of the drum are closed by caps 11 and 12, which are preferably screwed 5 on, and the upper cap 11 is attached to the bridge-tree by a detachable connection 13. IVater is admitted to the lower end of the drum by connections consisting of pipes 1 1, elbows 15, and nipples 16,which establish com- 5 5 munication between the Water-leg and drum, and steam-discharge pipes 17 extend from the upper cap or drum-head 11 through the plate 6 to the annular steam-space 4.

To the lower portion of the drum 9 are connected radially-arranged headers 18, and to its upper portion are connected similar headers 19. As shown and by preference, six such headers or tubes are employed at each end of the drum and placed in vertical alinement. 5 They extend to points' near the inner shell 2, and their outer ends are closed. As to shape they are preferably somewhat oval in crosssection for convenience in attaching the coiltubes to them. i 7

To each lower header 18 and to the upper header 19, that is in vertical alinement' with it, is connected a series of coiled tubes 20, that are coiled two complete turns in their spiral courses between the headers, to which they are connected at corresponding distances from the header ends. It is desirable to use tubes of comparatively small diameter placed as close together as practicable in order that a considerable number may be employed. In the construction illustrated eight tubes are shown connected to each header, making an aggregate of forty-eight coiled tubes in the boiler, and as such construction has proven satisfactory in use in steam fire-engines it is 8 5 suggested as a desirable form for that purpose; but I do not wish to be limited as to the size and number of tubes employed. The tubes of a series, connected to a pair of upper and lower headers, are coiled concentrically 9 and in parallel courses and are so bent that all of the coils of a series or tube-section will trend on the same inclined plane. This arrangement is clearly indicated in Fig. 4,which illustrates one of the tube-sections, and the tubes of the successive tube-sections are so bent adjacent to their respective headers as that the coils of the successive tube-sections will be disposed equidistantlythat is, will trend in spiral courses on substantially equidistant inclined planes, as indicated in Fig. 1. In such arrangement of the tube-sections the intervening spaces provide spiral passageways through which the major portion of the hot gases take their upward course; but I do not wish to confine myself to a construction in which all of the coils of a tube-section make two turns in their course, nor one in which all of the coils of a tube-section trend on a common inclined plane, nor one in which the coils of the different tube-sections are arranged on equidistant planes, for in all of these respects the construction may be varied somewhat without changing the character of the generator, although such variations might tend to make a quicker or slower steam-producer by varying the passage-ways of the gases and increasing or diminishing the heating-surfaces of the coils. The coils should be detachably connected to their headers, so that a defective tube can be readily detached and removed either upward or downward by pulling upon it and at the same time twisting it conformably to its spiral shape and position with reference to adjacent coils. The headers should also be detachably connected to the drum 9, so that when freed from the coil-tubes both the coils and headers of a tube-section can be readily removed.

In the upper portion of the drum 9 is provided a separator 21 for the steam and water flowing from the upper headers into the drum. This separator consists of a centrally-disposed short tube having a circular flange 22 at its top, which closes the space between the tube and drum and by which the separator is secured to the inner walls of the drum. This tube being placed opposite the outlets of the headers deflects their discharge downward, causing the water to fall to the water-level belowv and permitting the steam to rise through the separator and to the connecting-pipes 17 and to pass thence to the steam-space 4.

A generator of this construction is found in use to be a remarkably quick steamer and in every way a desirable form of steam-generator for fire-engines.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

1. In a steam-generator, the combination with outer and inner shells providing annular water and steam spaces, of a central drum connected below to the water-space and above to the steam-space, and tube-sections comprising upper and lower headers in communication with said drum and coils connecting the upper with the lower headers, substantially as set forth.

2. In a steam-generator, the combination with outer and inner shells providing annular water and steam spaces, of a central drum connected below to the water-space and above to headers in communication with the drum and series of coils extending spirally around the drum and connecting the upper and lower headers, substantially as set forth.

4:. In a steam-generator, the combination with outer and inner shells providing annular water and steam spaces, of a central drum connected below to the water-space and above to the steam-space, and tube-sections comprising series of upper and lower radially-arranged headers in communication with the drum and connected in radial order to the-upper and lower headers, substantially as set forth.

5. In a steam-generator, the combination with a central drum the upper and lower portions of which provide respectively steam and water spaces, and suitable water and steam connections, of tube-sections comprising upper and lower headers in communication with said drum, and coils connecting the upper with the lower headers, substantially as set forth.

6. In a steam-generator, the combination with a central drum the upper and lower portions of which provide respectively steam and water spaces, and suitable water and steam connections, of tube-sections comprising series of upper and lower radially-arranged headers in communication with said drum, and coils connecting the upper with the lower headers, substantially as set forth.

7. In a steam-generator, the combination with a central drum the upper and lower portions of which provide respectively steam and water spaces, and suitable water and steam connections, of tube-sections comprising series of upper and lower radially-arranged headers in communication with the drum, and series of coils extending spirally around the drum and connecting the upper and lower headers, substantially as set forth.

8. In a steam-generator, the combination with a central drum the upper and lower portions of which provide respectively steam and water spaces, and suitable water and steam connections, of tube-sections comprising series of upper and lower radially-arranged headers in communication with the drum and connected in radial order to the upper and lower headers, substantially as set forth.

9. In a steam-generator, the combination with a central drum the upper and lower portions of which provide respectively steam and water spaces, and suitable water and steam connections, of tube-sections comprising seand a tubular separator arranged centrally within the drum adjacent to such inlets, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 26th day of August, 1903.

HERBERT E. PENNEY.

Witnesses:

P. H. GUNcKEL,

H. A. BOWMAN. 

